Class-9 Science Chapter-13 Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life
MCQ Questions with Answers (Part-1)
1. Which of the following is the main source of energy for life on Earth?
B) The Sun
2. Which “sphere” of the Earth includes solid rocks, soil, and landforms?
C) Geosphere
3. The “Hydrosphere” primarily refers to which form of water?
B) Liquid water in oceans, rivers, and lakes
4. Which sphere consists of the solid forms of water, such as the Himalayan glaciers?
C) Cryosphere
5. All living organisms and their habitats, including mangroves and coral reefs, belong to the:
B) Biosphere
6. What is the approximate speed of light in a vacuum?
B) ms–1
7. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is mostly filtered by the Earth’s upper atmosphere?
C) Gamma rays and X-rays
8. Which type of radiation provides the energy required for photosynthesis?
B) Visible light
9. Which gases are responsible for trapping outgoing heat to keep the Earth warm enough for life?
B) Carbon dioxide, Methane, and Water vapour
10. Prolonged exposure to which of these rays can damage eyes and skin?
C) Ultraviolet (UV) rays
11. The amount of solar energy received per unit time per unit area at the top of the atmosphere is the:
C) Solar constant
12. The fraction of solar radiation reflected by a surface is called its:
B) Albedo
13. Which material listed has the highest albedo, reflecting the most sunlight?
C) Snow
14. The phenomenon where cities are warmer than surrounding rural areas is known as the:
B) Urban heat island effect
15. In which atmospheric layer does nearly all weather phenomena, like clouds and storms, take place?
C) Troposphere
16. How does temperature generally change with height in the troposphere?
C) It decreases
17. The ozone layer, which absorbs harmful UV rays, is located in the:
B) Stratosphere
18. Which global agreement was created to reduce the use of chemicals (CFCs) that damage the ozone layer?
C) Montreal Protocol
19. What is the primary cause for the generation of winds?
B) Uneven heating of the Earth's surface
20. During the day, air over warm mountain slopes rises and cooler air from the valley moves up, creating a:
C) Valley breeze
21. Large circular patterns formed by moving masses of ocean water are called:
A) Gyres
22. The cyclic movement of matter and energy between living and non-living components is called the:
B) Biogeochemical cycle
23. In the carbon cycle, plants convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into glucose through:
C) Photosynthesis
24. Which process involves bacteria converting nitrates back into nitrogen gas?
C) Denitrification
25. Excessive growth of algae in water bodies due to overuse of fertilizers is called:
B) Eutrophication
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